Many parameters controlling the appearance of plots can be overridden by passing a Theme object to the plot function, or setting the Theme as the current theme using push_theme or with_theme.
The constructor for Theme takes zero or more keyword arguments each of which overrides the default value of the corresponding field. See Theme
using Gadfly, RDatasets
mammals = dataset("MASS", "mammals")
plot(mammals, x=:Body, y=:Brain, label=:Mammal,
Geom.point, Geom.label, Scale.x_log10, Scale.y_log10,
Theme(discrete_highlight_color=x->"red", default_color="white"))
Body
10-14
10-12
10-10
10-8
10-6
10-4
10-2
100
102
104
106
108
1010
1012
1014
10-12.0
10-11.5
10-11.0
10-10.5
10-10.0
10-9.5
10-9.0
10-8.5
10-8.0
10-7.5
10-7.0
10-6.5
10-6.0
10-5.5
10-5.0
10-4.5
10-4.0
10-3.5
10-3.0
10-2.5
10-2.0
10-1.5
10-1.0
10-0.5
100.0
100.5
101.0
101.5
102.0
102.5
103.0
103.5
104.0
104.5
105.0
105.5
106.0
106.5
107.0
107.5
108.0
108.5
109.0
109.5
1010.0
1010.5
1011.0
1011.5
1012.0
10-20
10-10
100
1010
1020
10-12.0
10-11.5
10-11.0
10-10.5
10-10.0
10-9.5
10-9.0
10-8.5
10-8.0
10-7.5
10-7.0
10-6.5
10-6.0
10-5.5
10-5.0
10-4.5
10-4.0
10-3.5
10-3.0
10-2.5
10-2.0
10-1.5
10-1.0
10-0.5
100.0
100.5
101.0
101.5
102.0
102.5
103.0
103.5
104.0
104.5
105.0
105.5
106.0
106.5
107.0
107.5
108.0
108.5
109.0
109.5
1010.0
1010.5
1011.0
1011.5
1012.0
Arctic fox
Owl monkey
Mountain beaver
Cow
Grey wolf
Goat
Roe deer
Guinea pig
Verbet
Chinchilla
Ground squirrel
Arctic ground squirrel
African giant pouched rat
Lesser short-tailed shrew
Star-nosed mole
Nine-banded armadillo
Tree hyrax
N.A. opossum
Asian elephant
Big brown bat
Donkey
Horse
European hedgehog
Patas monkey
Cat
Galago
Genet
Giraffe
Gorilla
Grey seal
Rock hyrax-a
Human
African elephant
Water opossum
Rhesus monkey
Kangaroo
Yellow-bellied marmot
Golden hamster
Mouse
Little brown bat
Slow loris
Okapi
Rabbit
Sheep
Jaguar
Chimpanzee
Baboon
Desert hedgehog
Giant armadillo
Rock hyrax-b
Raccoon
Rat
E. American mole
Mole rat
Musk shrew
Pig
Echidna
Brazilian tapir
Tenrec
Phalanger
Tree shrew
Red fox
h,j,k,l,arrows,drag to pan
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r,dbl-click to reset
c for coordinates
? for help
?
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
1010
10-6.0
10-5.5
10-5.0
10-4.5
10-4.0
10-3.5
10-3.0
10-2.5
10-2.0
10-1.5
10-1.0
10-0.5
100.0
100.5
101.0
101.5
102.0
102.5
103.0
103.5
104.0
104.5
105.0
105.5
106.0
106.5
107.0
107.5
108.0
108.5
109.0
10-10
10-5
100
105
1010
10-6.0
10-5.8
10-5.6
10-5.4
10-5.2
10-5.0
10-4.8
10-4.6
10-4.4
10-4.2
10-4.0
10-3.8
10-3.6
10-3.4
10-3.2
10-3.0
10-2.8
10-2.6
10-2.4
10-2.2
10-2.0
10-1.8
10-1.6
10-1.4
10-1.2
10-1.0
10-0.8
10-0.6
10-0.4
10-0.2
100.0
100.2
100.4
100.6
100.8
101.0
101.2
101.4
101.6
101.8
102.0
102.2
102.4
102.6
102.8
103.0
103.2
103.4
103.6
103.8
104.0
104.2
104.4
104.6
104.8
105.0
105.2
105.4
105.6
105.8
106.0
106.2
106.4
106.6
106.8
107.0
107.2
107.4
107.6
107.8
108.0
108.2
108.4
108.6
108.8
109.0
Brain
Gadfly maintains a stack of themes and applies theme values from the topmost theme in the stack. This can be useful when you want to set a theme for multiple plots and then switch back to a previous theme.
push_theme(t::Theme) and pop_theme() will push and pop from this stack respectively. You can also use with_theme(f, t::Theme) to temporarily set a theme as the current theme and call function f, which can be defined elsewhere, anonymously, or as a do-block.
For example, here is how to choose a different font:
latex_fonts = Theme(major_label_font="CMU Serif", major_label_font_size=16pt,
minor_label_font="CMU Serif", minor_label_font_size=14pt,
key_title_font="CMU Serif", key_title_font_size=12pt,
key_label_font="CMU Serif", key_label_font_size=10pt)
Gadfly.push_theme(latex_fonts)
gasoline = dataset("Ecdat", "Gasoline")
p = plot(gasoline, x=:Year, y=:LGasPCar, color=:Country, Geom.point, Geom.line)
# can plot more plots here...
Gadfly.pop_theme()
Year
1935
1940
1945
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
1940
1942
1944
1946
1948
1950
1952
1954
1956
1958
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
1940
1960
1980
2000
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
JAPAN
NETHERLA
NORWAY
SPAIN
SWEDEN
SWITZERL
TURKEY
U.K.
U.S.A.
AUSTRIA
BELGIUM
CANADA
DENMARK
FRANCE
GERMANY
GREECE
IRELAND
ITALY
Country
h,j,k,l,arrows,drag to pan
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c for coordinates
? for help
?
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
-5
0
5
10
15
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
7.0
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.8
10.0
10.2
10.4
10.6
10.8
11.0
LGasPCar
The same effect can be achieved using with_theme:
Gadfly.with_theme(latex_fonts) do
gasoline = dataset("Ecdat", "Gasoline")
plot(gasoline, x=:Year, y=:LGasPCar, color=:Country, Geom.point, Geom.line)
endYou can use style to override the fields of the current theme. Much like Theme's constructor, style inputs keyword arguments, returns a Theme, and can be used with push_theme, with_theme, and plot.
Gadfly.push_theme(style(line_width=1mm))
p1 = plot([sin,cos], 0, 2pi)
p2 = plot([sin,cos], 0, 2pi, style(line_width=2mm, line_style=[:dash]))
fig = hstack(p1,p2)
Gadfly.pop_theme()
x
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
-10
0
10
20
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
f1
f2
Color
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r,dbl-click to reset
c for coordinates
? for help
?
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
-3.0
-2.8
-2.6
-2.4
-2.2
-2.0
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
-4
-2
0
2
4
-3.0
-2.9
-2.8
-2.7
-2.6
-2.5
-2.4
-2.3
-2.2
-2.1
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
-1.7
-1.6
-1.5
-1.4
-1.3
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0
-0.9
-0.8
-0.7
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
f(x)
x
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
-10
0
10
20
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
f1
f2
Color
h,j,k,l,arrows,drag to pan
i,o,+,-,scroll,shift-drag to zoom
r,dbl-click to reset
c for coordinates
? for help
?
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
-3.0
-2.8
-2.6
-2.4
-2.2
-2.0
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
-4
-2
0
2
4
-3.0
-2.9
-2.8
-2.7
-2.6
-2.5
-2.4
-2.3
-2.2
-2.1
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
-1.7
-1.6
-1.5
-1.4
-1.3
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0
-0.9
-0.8
-0.7
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
f(x)
To register a theme by name, you can extend Gadfly.get_theme(::Val{:theme_name}) to return a Theme object.
Gadfly.get_theme(::Val{:orange}) = Theme(default_color="orange")
Gadfly.with_theme(:orange) do
plot(dataset("datasets", "iris"), x=:SepalWidth, Geom.bar)
end
SepalWidth
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
-5
0
5
10
-3.0
-2.8
-2.6
-2.4
-2.2
-2.0
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
7.0
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.0
h,j,k,l,arrows,drag to pan
i,o,+,-,scroll,shift-drag to zoom
r,dbl-click to reset
c for coordinates
? for help
?
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
-150
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
-200
0
200
400
-150
-145
-140
-135
-130
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
-100
-95
-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
-65
-60
-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
Gadfly comes built in with two named themes: :default and :dark.
Gadfly.with_theme(:dark) do
plot(dataset("datasets", "iris"), x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, color=:Species)
end
SepalLength
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
0
5
10
15
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
7.0
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.8
10.0
10.2
10.4
10.6
10.8
11.0
11.2
11.4
11.6
11.8
12.0
setosa
versicolor
virginica
Species
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i,o,+,-,scroll,shift-drag to zoom
r,dbl-click to reset
c for coordinates
? for help
?
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
7.0
-2.5
0.0
2.5
5.0
7.5
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7.0
SepalWidth
You can also set a theme to use by default by setting the GADFLY_THEME environment variable before loading Gadfly.